Traffic Violation Terms and Definitions

Air Bag Deployed Deployment status of an air bag relative to the position in the vehicle for this occupant. Curb A raised edge or border to a roadway. Curbs may be constructed of concrete, asphalt, or wood and typically have a face height of less than 9 inches (225 mm). Collision A motor vehicle crash, other than an overturning crash, in which the first harmful event is a collision of a motor vehicle in transport with another motor vehicle, other property, animal or pedestrian. Hit and Run Crashes where the vehicle, or the driver of the vehicle, in transport is a contact vehicle in the crash, and departs the scene without stopping to render aid. Alignment The geometric characteristics or layout of a roadway. Alignment is usually subdivided into horizontal alignment. Includes straight, curve left, curve right. Advance Warning Area Located after the first warning sign but before the work area. Centerline A pavement marking used to separate traffic traveling in opposite directions. A centerline need not be at the geometrical center of the pavement. Commercial Motor Vehicle Any self-propelled or towed motor vehicle used on a highway in interstate commerce to transport passengers or property when the vehicle (1) has a gross vehicle weight rating or gross combination weight rating or gross vehicle weight or gross combination weight, of more than 10,000 lbs or 4,536 kg or (2) used for commercial transport of more than 8 passengers (including the driver); or (3) is used for non-commercial transport of more than 15 passengers, including the driver; or (4) is used in transporting material found by the Secretary of Transportation to be hazardous under 49 U.S.C. 5103 and transporting in a quantity requiring placarding under regulations prescribed by the Secretary under 49 CFR, subtitle B, chapter I, subchapter C. Backing A start from a parked or stopped position in the direction of the rear of the motor vehicle. Alcohol/ Involvement Law enforcement suspected, and documented, that at least one driver or non-motorist involved in the crash had used alcohol. Includes both alcohol use under the legal limit and at or over the legal limit.

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	Did You Know?
	A subpoena is a court order to appear or bring information to a court proceeding. The target of the subpoena can object to the order, and a case within a case can evolve that deals solely with the subpoena. A subpoena has to be "served" on the party being ordered to produce information or testimony. Anyone can serve a subpoena, as long as they are not directly involved in the litigation. Along with the expense, another downside of subpoenas is that the information is usually not produced until the time of trial. For purposes of developing a defense it is desirable to have all relevant information well before your trial.